Artificial intelligence is transforming the world for good. You can never be surprised enough by the new and advanced technologies it is giving birth to. The same holds for chatbots. Chatbots or ChatGPT are the best examples of AI-powered technologies which work towards making life easier.
Considering AI Chatbots as the new trend, you must have heard about the latest ChatGPT, the latest AI chatbot. Open AI, a hub of the best AI-powered features and devices, launched it in November 2022. So, keeping up with the trend, let us discuss ChatGPT and learn about it.
What is ChatGPT?
ChatGPT is an AI-powered Chatbot with an answer to almost all questions you ask. It is a trained model that learns, recognizes patterns and collects information widely available on the internet to provide you with the best answer possible for your question.
The best part about ChatGPT is it can recognize natural language and allows you to ask anything. ChatGPT is an extended version of GPT 3.5, also a masterpiece by OpenAI. It is also a model similar to InstructGPT, which delivers a response corresponding to a set of instructions.
How is the model trained?
AI tools work based on the training they receive. Various methods of training AI models, including Chatbots and ChatGPT, are no different. It is trained using Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF).
The method includes various steps, such as collecting demonstration data and training a supervised policy, collecting comparison data and training a reward model, and optimizing the policy against the reward model by employing the PPO reinforcement learning algorithm. The terms used here are associated with machine learning and Artificial intelligence, which you can refer to separately if you are new to AI.
OpenAI made use of its previous AI model, InstructGPT, to employ the methods used to train it in ChatGPT only with slight variations in the data collection setup.
Steps to train ChatGPT
The various steps OpenAI followed to train ChatGPT in an advanced and creative way are as follows.
- Training of an initial model using supervised fine-tuning: It included model training with the help of human AI trainers, where the trainers provided inputs from both sides, the user and the AI assistant.
The model was finetuned from a GPT 3.5 series model. The AI trainers used model-written suggestions and composed their responses. The new dialogue dataset was fused with the dataset of InstructGPT and converted into a dialogue format.
Creation of a reward model: A reward model followed the initial model and passed through a reinforcement step. The reinforcement step included ranking the model’s responses in previous conversations by human trainers.
The AI trainers ranked some randomly selected model-written messages in terms of quality. The ranked data was employed to train the reward model.
- Further finetuning of the reward model using PPO: In this step, the trained reward model was further finetuned using the Proximal Policy Optimization algorithm. The finetuning involved several iterations.
The PPO reinforcement learning algorithm optimized a policy against the reward model. It includes several steps, such as selecting a new prompt from the dataset and initializing the PPO model using the supervised policy.
After the generation of output by the policy, the reward model generated a reward for the obtained output. Finally, the reward calculated updates the policy by employing the PPO algorithm.
The PPO algorithm used here proved to be cost-effective and fast in performance. The overall training of the model was in collaboration with Microsoft on an Azure AI supercomputing infrastructure.
What kinds of questions can it answer?
ChatGPT has answers to almost all questions that can come to your mind. You can ask anything regarding any field and expect a detailed answer. There are very few instances where you would fail to receive an answer.
ChatGPT responds to questions related to all subjects, be it physics, literature, or history. It even answers subjective questions and depends on human nature. It can write you a poem, help you fill in the blanks of a paragraph, provide you with the best birthday party ideas, and even find rhyming words.
The best part is ChatGPT can write programming codes and even debug them, which is highly beneficial to the IT industry. Moreover, it leaps from one conversation to another, from answering one question to another, at an impressive speed.
If you are a literature enthusiast, you can expect ChatGPT to write essays and stories in different styles and verses. It can generate texts in an advanced and creative way corresponding to the written prompts.
The wonders of ChatGPT do not stop at answering questions. It also has a surprising ability to challenge incorrect premises of the questions the users might raise. It rejects inappropriate queries and not to forget, admit any mistakes it commits. All of it is possible due to the advanced feature of ChatGPT to process natural language.
Who can access ChatGPT?
ChatGPT is currently accessible to all. It stands as a freely available AI tool, as mentioned by OpenAI. However, it is more likely to charge people for its users like its previous AI models, such as DALL-E.
It is because ChatGPT comes with a high cost of maintenance for the company, which is difficult to bear. Considering the plan of charging customers at some point, OpenAI aims for revenue of $200 million in 2023 and $1 billion in 2024.
Are there any limitations of ChatGPT?
Though highly creative and advanced compared to various AI chatbots, ChatGPT has various limitations.
- ChatGPT can provide you with incorrect and nonsense answers which might sound plausible. It is due to the limitations in training the model, such as needing a source of truth while RL training. The model can not be trained to be more cautious as it might hamper its ability to answer questions correctly. Moreover, supervised training leads the model towards answering questions from its perspective rather than the users.
- It is sensitive to slight rephrases in the input. So, it might consider the question incorrect, which might be mere tweaks in the input.
- It uses certain phrases in redundancy, which makes it excessively verbose. This problem arises due to biased training data and over-optimization of the model.
- It simply guesses a response to an ambiguous question instead of asking the users for clarity.
- Though ChatGPT is trained to discard inappropriate questions, it might sometimes be biased and provide answers to harmful or discriminatory questions. Moderation API can solve this issue.
What is forbidden concerning ChatGPT?
ChatGPT answers all the questions you feed it by running an advanced search on the vast information on the web. However, some questions are off-limits as far as ChatGPT is concerned. It discourages the users from feeding questions associated with illegal activities, such as robbing a bank.
ChatGPT warns users regarding questions that are inappropriate, offensive, or discriminatory. It does not consider questions which are sexist, racist, discriminatory, hateful, transphobic, or homophobic. Hence, it would help if you refrained from feeding it with off-limits questions.
Is ChatGPT helpful to students?
ChatGPT can provide students with answers from all fields of study. It indicates it is useful for students to frame essays and create creative answers to their homework.
The teaching authorities might take ChatGPT as a cheating tool. However, it differs from Google answers, which students can copy. ChatGPT can work as an assistant for students and help them research better and be more creative.
Conclusion
AI tools are blessings to the technology and IT industry. They make life much simpler and assist humans in solving real-world problems. Chatbots work similarly and respond to several queries a user might have.
ChatGPT is a great addition to AI-based chatbots, with answers to all your questions if they are on limits. Hence, it can be advantageous in academics, IT, marketing, and almost all sectors you can name. ChatGPT is what the world needs right now.